Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20)

What is Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20)?

Molecular Formula (Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20)): C₉H₆N₂O₂

Molecular Weight: 174.2 g/mol

Chemical Name: Toluene Diisocyanate

CAS Number: 26471-62-5

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20) has a sharp odor. It is a colorless to pale yellow chemical. It is a flammable liquid.

Toluene Diisocyanate is a chemical that is a synthetic mixture of the 2,4- and 2,6- isomers.

It has two different monomers. These are; 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate and 2,6-Toluene diisocyanate.

Other Names are as Follows;

• 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methylbenzene
• Isocyanic Acid
• 2,4-Diisocyanato toluene
• TDI
• 80/20
• Methyl Phenylen Ester
• Methyl -m- phenylene ester
• Methyl meta phenylene diisocyanate
• Toluene -1,3-diisocyanate
• Diisocyanates
• Diisocyanatotoluene
• Tolylene diisocyanate
• Tolylene isocyanate
• 2,4-Tolylene Diisocyanate
• TDI-80
• Benzene 1,3-diisocyanato methyl
• 4-Methyl-1,3-phenylene diisocyanate

How is it Produced?

Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is generally prepared from toluene-2,4-diamine and phosgene. Toluene is the primary raw material for industrially produced toluene diisocyanate. In the TDI production process, toluene with mixed acid is subjected to classic dinitration to form mixtures of 2,4 and 2,6 dinitro isomers in an 80:20 ratio.

During the production of this chemical, the resulting 2,4 and 2,6 dinitro isomers must be catalytically reduced under hydrogen pressure.

In the Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) production process, the reduced substance (Toluene diamines - TDA) is treated with phosgene to yield TDI.

What are the Physical and Chemical Properties of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20)?

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) has a sharp odor and is a colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystals.

Its melting point is between 19.5 °C and 20.5 °C. TDI produces CO2 in the presence of moisture. Therefore, it generates pressure in closed environments.

Its boiling point is 247 °C.

Its flash point is 137 °C.

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is denser than water. It has a density of 1.22 g/cm3.

Its vapors are heavier than air. TDI is an extremely reactive chemical. The vapor-air mixture is explosive when exposed to heat, flame, or sparks. It produces Carbon Dioxide (CO2) if it reacts with water.

Toluene Diisocyanate solubility: it is soluble in acetone, alcohol, benzene, ethyl acetate, and ether. It is soluble in Carbon Tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, kerosene, and various oils, for example, corn syrup. It reacts with water by releasing carbon dioxide.

How is it Stored?

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20) is stored in steel drums. It should not be stored in humid and hot environments. It must absolutely not be stored in polyethylene drums.

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is a flammable chemical substance.

What are the Effects on Human Health?

Inhalation of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) leads to high ACUTE toxicity. Reports have shown systemic effects and antibody formation in humans through inhalation.

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is highly irritating to all living tissues it comes into contact with.

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) contact can occur via liquid or vapor. In case of contact, it harms the mucous membranes, eyes, and gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts.

Exposure to its vapor has caused chest congestion and shortness of breath. The area must be evacuated immediately.

In case of skin contact, it should be washed immediately with plenty of water.

What are the Usage Areas of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20)?

• Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is a precursor chemical used in the manufacture of foams, elastomers, insulation materials, varnishes, paints, and protective coatings for automobiles for polyurethane-based products.
• It is used in the manufacture of adhesives. It is used modified with polyol in the production of moisture-curing adhesives. The resulting adhesive is very suitable for bonding very large areas with a long open time.
• TDI is a highly reactive but low molecular weight chemical. This property is a major factor in many of its application areas.
• TDI 80/20 is used in the manufacture of sealants and elastomers.
• Some resins are obtained to produce cured wood. It is one of the main components in the production of these resins.
• It is used in the manufacture of some coating materials.
• It is used to impart high strength, hardness, and insulation properties in the production of polyurethane materials.
• It is also used in paint manufacturing.
• Toluene Diisocyanate is a chemical compound used in food contact materials.
• It is generally an industrial-grade chemical. Therefore, it is a chemical intermediate used in industry.
• It is the main compound in the manufacture of mattress foams. In these applications, it is used together with polyol and a catalyst.
• TDI 80/20 can be used to provide film-forming properties in varnish and paint production.
• In the automotive coating industry, it is used in some formulations to impart scratch resistance in the production of coating materials containing nanoparticles. This provides scratch resistance.
• In such applications, Silicon Dioxide (Fumed Silica) is the main compound. It is dissolved in Isopropyl Alcohol and modified with Isocyanates (TDI 80/20).

What are the Factors Affecting its Price?

The price of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20) is primarily directly dependent on the prices of the chemical substances used in its production.

As the price of Toluene 2,4-Diamine and Phosgene increases, the price of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) will also increase.

Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) prices will increase if a new application area for this product emerges. This is because the production of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) will not meet the demand. Therefore, the price will increase.

The price of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) has been increasing for a long time with the development of industry and the expansion of its usage areas.

The price of TDI will decrease for a short period with the establishment of a new Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production plant. But the price will eventually reach a stable level.

The price of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is increasing as people pay more attention to ergonomic and comfortable living.

The price of Toluene Diisocyanate also depends on the companies that sell this chemical. They implement a Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI 80/20) pricing policy based on sales volumes.